Dry ice refrigeration by conduction



VAN IKE DRY ICE REFRGERIYON BY CONDUCTION 3 Shesisw-Sheet fx. .x ....u 131K..

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DRY ICE REFRIGERATION BY coNDucTIoN B. VAN 1K5 Filed" Jue 9, 195,4` 5 sheets-sheet 2' M am g l.. B. vA N IKE DRY ICE REFRIGERATION BY CONDUCTION Filed June 9, 1934 3 Shee'os--Sheen` 3 ms/vrom Patentedv Dec. 17, .1935

yUNITED sTATEsj4 PATENT OFFICE v DRY ICE REFRIGERATION BY coNDUc'rIoN 14 Claims. (Cl. (S2-91.5)

'Ihslinvention relates to improvements in refrigeration and more particularly to dry ice refrigerators. v

One of the objectsof the present invention is to provide a simple, eicient and inexpensive apparatus designed to employ carbon dioxide in solid form or dry ice as it is" conv ntionally called in a manner designed to effect a heat exchange by means of direct conduction.

In an application ledA by me in the Patent Ofhce on the day of April th, 1934, Serial Number 723,013 I disclosed a construction of refrigerator for dry ice characterized bythe consideration that refrigeration is brought about by. radiation vas Well as by convection but in the case of my present invention it is brought about by conduction peculiarly.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a dry ice refrigerator in which dry ice is employed for the purpose of making it a simple task to locate the refrigeratng means in an ice box or refrigerator case while attaining a maximum degree of frigidity.

di further' object of the present invention is to provide a dry ice refrigerator with a dry ice box disposed in a cornerof the main refrigerator case in such a manner as to provide a free untrammeled large area in which may be dissipated the carbon dioxide gas for coolingthe contents of the refrigerator.

A still further object of this invention is to provide, in a refrigerator employing dry ice, a

dry ice box designed to receive the solid carbon dioxide, and to support pans containing cooling media, and further .arranged to disseminate theY carbon dioxide 'gas in an insulating jacket lining the walls of the main refrigerator.

A final object ofthis invention is to provide a dry ice box attachment for properly insulated refrigerators accommodated for the circulation of carbon dioxide gaswhich is provided with a door of special construction so shaped and designed as 'to permit passage of carbondioxide--gas from the food compartment of the box thereinto and therethru when the door is closed.

With the above and .other objects in view my invention consists in the combination, arrangement and details'of construction disclosed in the drawings and then more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, wherein similar reference characters designate similar parts throughout the respective views,

Figure 1 is a vertical section taken transverse- 1 ly ofthe refrigeratorcase, showing the dry ice box therein, in front elevation,

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken longitudinally of thel refrigerator case, showing the dry -ice box in vertical section,

Figure 3 is a horizontal section fj the refrigerator case showing a cross-section of the cooling tray stand,

Figure 4 is a vertical section of the refrigerator case showing the dry ice box in vertical section with its door, partly in section, open,

Il0 of the dry ice 5 Figure 9 is a perspective view of the door for 1 the dry ice box, and

Figure 10 is a front elevation of the dry ice box with its door open. l

In the drawings, which are merely illustrative of my invention I disclose a refrigerator case of double wall construction consisting of the outer case I0 and the inner case II with a jacket I3V extending between both walls and lled with a suitable light porous insulating material I2 which may be hair adapted particularly to allow the gas of carbon dioxide to ow in and around said jacket. The innerY case II 'at its lower end is provided with a series of holes N communicating with the jacket I3 at its lower portion. There 30 is a pipe M bridging the two walls forming the outer and inner cases, at the upper end of the refrigerator by means of which carbon dioxide gas filling the interior 38 of the food compartment of the refrigerator may escape to the atmosphere.

I provide as a new article of manufacture and adjunct for the type of jacketedrefrigerator hereinbefore set forth a dry ice containing box also of doubleV wall construction so as to provide the outer case or box proper I4 and an inner case or ice chamber I5 lwith a jacket between the outer and inner case filled with the insulation I6 of the same kind as the insulation filling jacket I3 already described.

Extending or depending downwardly from the bottom of the inner case is a vertical medial conductor plate or partition I1 which projects thru the jacket of the box to a point below the bottom of the outer case of the box, and here a metal frame is built in such a way as to provide oppositely arranged side walls O and P also connected to the box as conductor plates, and a back wall 40, the bottom wall of this frame extending across the conductor partition on either side thereof so that there is provided a pair of compartments I8 and I9 in which are slidably and detachably supported cooling trays or the like 20 and 2| respectively. Solid carbon dioxide or ice designated 22 is placed in the'hollow ice compartment 3| of the box I4.

Brackets or the like supports 23 are secured to the lower part of the box for supporting the box in spaced relation from the walls .of the inner case of the refrigerator, and cleats 28 secured to the upper part of this inner case and to the upper part of -the box also serve to support this box in the upper part of the refrigerator case and to one side thereof preferably. Any other means of support could just as well be used.

I provide a door of special construction for closing the ice compartment or interior 3| of the dry ice box. The door broadly designated 24 is of a hollow construction and is suitably hinged as at '25 upon the box. Any suitable locking means 26 may be employed to lock the door in closed position relatively to the box which may be of a slidable or swinging type as desired. A keeper 21 for the locking means is shown. There is an outlet pipe 23 whose lower end opens into the jacket of the box at the upper part of its outer case, and whose opposite end is connected to a nipple 30 which opens out of the inner case of the refrigerator box and into the jacket sur rounding the inner box.

The hollow door 24 has its outer hollow part designed to overlap the outer door edge when the door is closed and it is formed with a box-shaped member 32 containing hair insulation or the like 33; this member 32 projects into the compartment 3| of the boxwhen the door is closed in such a manner that it is spaced from all sides of the inner case of the box I4 to allow ow of carbon dioxide fumes exuded from the solid CO2 located at 22 in this box. The upper and lower parts of the inner case or chamber I of the box are formed with holes 38 and 31 respectively and the upper and lowerl parts of the hollow member 32 of the door is also formed with holes 36y and 31' respectively, or only the upper part of the inner case of the box may be formed with holes, if desired. 33 designate fasteners for securing the brackets 23 upon the box I4.

In operation, the lines of arrows in Figure 4 will show the manner in which the contents of the refrigerator case, may be cooled. This case is closed vby the front door 34 also having a box 35 in which porous insulating material is found. The cooling trays 20, 2 I are inserted with their liquid contents into compartments I8 and I9 of the dry ice containing box. The 'frigid temperature maintained in the interior compartment 3l of the box is the means of lowering the temperature of the conductor plate or partition i1 which extends downwardly from the highly cooled bottom of the inner case o f the box upon which the solid CO: rests. Hence the outer door 34 of the main refrigerator may be opened to get at the contents thereof Without disturbingthe door 24 of the ice box itself, which remains closed at this time and is opened only for replenishing the dry ice. 'I'he conductor partition and other parts of the cooling tray-supporting stand ori'rame becomes highly cooled'and remains cool and thus imparts a heat exchange to the contents of the trays and 2l freezing the same quickly and effectually. The carbon dioxide gas emanating Y from the dry ice 22 flows out of holes 36, 31 of case, keeping all the walls'thereof cool, and flowing thru ports N at the lower end of the case II into the food compartment 38 keeping' its contents cool, and ascending to the top of this case escapes out of the vent pipe 23 to the atmosphere. 5

YPatent is:-

l. A device as described consisting of a main refrigerator case, `an interior case supported in spaced relation to the mainf case and providing a 20 continuous jacket between both cases,l `a porous. light insulation filling the jacket and allowing free circulation of carbon dioxide gas, a dry ice box mounted flxedly in the upper part of thev interior case, a door for said box havinga compartment therein adapted to contain gas, means providing a jacket with contained insulation around the dry ice box for the circulation of carbon dioxide gas therein, there being intercommunication between the jacket of the two 3o cases and the ice box jacket for continuous ow of said gas, a door closing the ice box, and means' establishing carbon dioxide gas communication between the door compartment when closed and the interior of the dry ice box.

2. Avdevice as described consisting of a main' refrigerator case, an interior case between which and the main case exists a jacket, a. hairy insulation filling said jacket allowing passage of carbon dioxide gas, a dry ice box mounted in the 40 upper part of the interior case, a pipe connecting the top of the box and the jacket to allow passage of gas out of the box into the jacket, means supporting the box in the interior case,

a door closing the ice box, and a central forwardly projecting compartment upon the inner side of the door containing a porous insulation, the upper and lower parts of the mentioned compartment being spaced from the upper and lower parts of the interior of the box and having ports allowing passage of gas.

3. A device as described consisting of a re frigeratcr case having an interior marginal jacket containing a gas-passage-allowing insulation, and providing an inner case, an imperforate dry ice box mounted in the upper part of the inner case spaced below the top of this case, a pipe connecting the box and inner case and opening out into said jacketan inner box in thedry ice box providing between itself and the outer box a jacket also containing an insulation allowing passage of gas, means closing the interior of the ice box, a tray depending from the ice box and a conductor'plate dividing the tray into several trayreceiving pockets.

4. In combination with a dry ice refrigerator having its wall insulated and accommodated to the passage of carbon dioxide gas, a contained dry ice box spaced out of contact with the lnterior walls of the refrigerator, a pipe connecting 70 the top of the ice box 'with the insulated walls of the refrigerator, a jacket around the walls of the ice box containing agas-passing insulation conducting gas into said pipe and thereout. a depending conductor plate on the interior food- Bti @accenno Y .it

holding compartment of the ice box projecting below the box, and compartments walled upon the conductor plate for holding trays in prox' imity to said conductor plate, and an insulated door closing the interior compartment of the ice box.

5, In combination with a dry ice refrigerator having its walls insulated and accommodated to the passage of carbon dioxide, and providing a jacket around the interior chamber thereof, a dry ice box mounted in the upper part of said chamber spaced o ut of contact with the walls thereof to allow free circulation of carbon dioxide gas therearound and therebelow, inside ofthe chamber and in `said jacket, means establishing communication between the jacket and the box, an insulation-containing jacket in the box allowing gas to pass outof the box by way of such means to said jacket, a door closing the interior of the box, a forwardly projecting insulation containing box upon the inner side of the door disposed wholly within the box when the door is closed, and meansi establishing communication between Vthe interior of the box and the interior of the jacket box for the passage of carbon clioxide gas.

6. A device as described consisting vof a refrigerator case of double wall construction with a jacket therebetween illed with hair, a dry ice box secured in spaced relation inside ofA the case and also of double wall construction with a jacket therebetween filled with hair, a door closing the ice box and having a hollow member lled with hair with means of communication with the interior of the box when the door is closed, a conductor plate depending medially from the bottom of the box, said box and conductor plate supporting cooling trays, and a pipe connection between the jacket of the box and the jacket of the case.

'7. A device as described consisting of a refrigerator case of double wall construction with la jacket therebetween illled with hair, the opv"posing walls of thel inner part of the case at its lower end having holes whereby carbon dioxide gasilowing in the hair of the case jacket mayA enter the interior of the case and flow upwardly, an atmospheric vent for the gas owing upwardly in the refrigerator, and a dry ice holding box in the upper lateral part of the case carrying there--y below a cooling tray holder and thereabove a pipe for passing the gas outof the box into the case jacket.

v 8. A device as described consisting of a refrigerator case of double wall construction withv a jacket therebetween lled with hair, the inner wall having holes at its lower end and both walls` being connected at' the upper end 'of the case with a vent pipe for gas flowing out of the holes upwardly in the case, and a dry ice containing ,box supported in said case at the upper part thereof and also having a hair filled jacket there- `around and an inner case, with means of passing carbon dioxide gas out of the vbox case by way of the box jacket into the jacket of the iirst case for circulation of the gas in both jackets.

9. A device as described consisting of a refrigerator case of double wall construction with a jacket therebetweenilled with hair, lthe, inner wall of which has holes at its lower end, and both walls of which at their upper end have a vent.

pipe opening out of the'case, extending thru said tions with holes, a door closing the interior case.

of the box, and apipe bridging the upper'end of the box and the jacket of the case. f

10. As a new article of manufacture a dry ice f box consisting of an outer and inner case, having a jacket therebetween lled with a, porous soft l g insulation material, a door 'of hollow construction consisting oi an outer part overlapping the v. door opening of the box when the door is closed and an inner part lled with the same insulation material and projecting into the inner case l5 of the box' and having upper and lower holes communicating with the interior of the inner case. y i

1l. As a new article of manufacture a dry ice box of double wall construction with a jacket therebetween filled with hair, the inner wall providing an ice compartment solely, an insulated door closing the compartment and having a hollow member projecting thereinto and rcommunicating with the interior of the compartment, a conductor plate extending downwardly from the bottom of the box, and conductor plates connected laterally of both sides of the conductor plate and to the box to provide cooling tray receiving stands.

12. As a new article of manufacture a dry ice containing box of double wall construction providing a jacket therearound and therebetween filled with hair and an inner ice compartment whose upper and lower portions have holes communicating with the jacket, a door closing-the compartment and provided with a forwardly pro,- jecting box entering the compartmentvwhen the door is closed and being spaced from the walls of the latter and also having holes on its upper and lower portion wherebycarbon dioxide gas exuded bythe dry ice may ilow thru the box of the door and into the jacket of the box.

13. As a new article of manufacture a dry ice box consisting of an outer case and an innerd case the jacket between which is filled with hair,

f the upper and lower parts of the inner case having holes communicating with said jacket, a pipe opening into the jacket of the box at the upper end of the latter, and a door of hollow formation consistingl of a hollow part overlapping the door front when the door is closed and avhollow receptacle containing hair and formed with .holes having holes at its upper and lower portion so carbon dioxide gas from dry ice may pass out of the inner case into said jacket, an outlet pipe on the box allowing gasto pass thereout, aconductor plate dependinggfrom the bottom of the inner case and passing thru the insulation, a metal frame connected'toopposing sides of the conductor plate and providing two stands for slidably receiving and holding cooling trays, and a back wall closing said stands. V

LENNIE BEATRICE VAN .1| 

